Frostbite!

Frostbite occurs when exposure to cold is so severe that the skin and underlying tissues actually freeze and cause damage to the tissues. The severity of frostbite is classified into three groups:

1. First Degree: Also known as Frostnip, this is a very superficial injury, turning the skin white and causing temporary numbness of the area. The skin is usually soft and pale white, and blistering is unlikely.

   

2. Second Degree: Superficial Frostbite is deeper and a little more serious. Layers of skin are actually frozen and hard but underlying tissue is still intact and soft. Blistering is likely.
3. Third Degree: Deep Frostbite freezes all layers of skin, and the underlying tissues. The skin becomes very solid and hard, and appears blotchy blue and white.

Treatment and Expectations:
Treatment should be held off until you are sure that refreezing will not occur. Body parts should be rewarmed slowly by wrapping in a blanket to prevent bruising. Hands may be soaked on a bucket of warm water, 104° -108° F (41° C) for 15 to 30 minutes. Avoid rubbing the frostbitten area to rewarm. Ice crystals that form in the tissues can cut and cause further damage to the tissues when moved by rubbing. Do not pop the blisters that form. The fluid inside is still basically sterile and popping them opens up the tissue to infection.

For more information about this and other Urgent Care matters, I highly recommend The American Red Cross First Aid and Safety Handbook .  It has earned tons of  5 star reviews from amazon.com readers and is a must for your household reference.

Seek Professional Medical Attention if:

1. Any third degree frostbite has occurred
2. Any signs or symptoms of infection occur.
3. When in doubt.